Ukutyhila Izizathu Ezibangela Ukunyuswa Kwamaxabiso Ekopolo Ngamazwe Ngamazwe

2024-03-27

Amaxabiso ekopolo kumazwe ngamazwe ayaqhubeka nokunyuka, kwaye ukunyuka kwemfuno yobhedu kunempembelelo enkulu kwimarike yehlabathi. Njengenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo zokwenza i-oyile intambo kunye nentambo yokubopha, iindlela zexabiso lekopolo zijongwe ngokusondeleyo. Njengomthengi omkhulu wezixhobo zekopolo kwihlabathi, iTshayina idlale indima ebalulekileyo ekunyukeni kwamaxabiso ekopolo kutshanje. Ngokukodwa, uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwentsimi entsha yamandla, efana intambo entsha yelanga yamandla, kukhokelele ekwandeni okukhulu kokusetyenziswa kobhedu.

Ukususela ngoMatshi, amaxabiso ekopolo kwihlabathi jikelele anyuke rhoqo. Ngomhla we-16 kweyoKwindla, ixabiso lekopolo lamazwe ngamazwe (i-LME copper) lidlule uphawu lwe-US$9,000/ton. Kwanangoku, ixabiso lekopolo lamazwe ngamazwe lisadlula i-US$8,800/ton. Zininzi izizathu zokunyuka kwamaxabiso, kuquka izixhobo zekopolo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezinqongopheleyo kunye nemingeni yokwandisa imveliso ekupheleni kokunyibilikisa, okubangela ukungabikho kombane obuthathaka. Ukongeza, ukunyuka kwezithuthi zombane kunye nokufika komjikelo wokutshintshwa kwezixhobo zombane kukhokelele ekukhuleni kwemfuno yekopolo, nto leyo eqhubela phambili ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ekopolo.

1. Ubonelelo lwekopolo

Ngokwembono yokusasazwa kwemimandla, imithombo yobhedu yehlabathi isasazwa kakhulu eMntla Melika, eLatin America nakwiMbindi Afrika.IntamboNgokwedatha yamva nje evela kwi-US Geological Survey, imveliso yobhedu kwihlabathi liphela ngo-2023 ifikelele kwiitoni ezingama-22 ezigidi, apho iChile ivelisa ukuya kuthi ga kwiitoni ezi-5.2 ezigidi, ivelisa malunga ne-29% yemveliso yehlabathi; iChina ikwindawo yesine, ivelisa phantse i-10% yemveliso.

2. Indlela yokusetyenziswa kobhedu olucociweyo eTshayina

I-Copper inamandla amakhulu okusebenza, ukuqina kwayo kunye nokuqhuba umbane. Ayisiyonto ibalulekileyo kuphela kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-Copper. intambo iimveliso, kodwa ikwayintsimbi ebalulekileyo yemizi-mveliso kwaye ikwimimandla eyahlukeneyo efana namandla amatsha, izixhobo ze-elektroniki zoomatshini, kunye nolwakhiwo. Idatha evela kwinethiwekhi yesinyithi engeyiyo i-ferrous ibonisa ukuba amashishini ombane kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya zezona ndawo zisetyenziswa kakhulu yi-copper, kwaye ishishini lombane lodwa libangela ngaphezulu kwe-40% yokusetyenziswa kwe-copper ecociweyo.

Ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaxabiso ekopolo kumazwe ngamazwe kunye nokwanda kwemfuno yekopolo, iinkampani ezikwi- intambo kunye nentambo yokubophaamashishini anika ingqalelo kakhulu kule meko. I-Shenzhen Boying Energy Co., Ltd. Ngumthengisi oqeqeshiweyo we- Iintambo ze-AC, Iintambo zeDC, Ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ye-USB kunye neentambo zeprinta, iintambo zokukhanyisa icuba lemotokwaye intambo eyenziwe ngokwezifiso, benika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwindlela amaxabiso ekopolo ahamba ngayo. Iimveliso zenkampani zinxulumene kakhulu nokuguquguquka kwexabiso lekopolo, njengoko iyinxalenye esisiseko kwimveliso yekopolo. iintambo kunye neentambo zokubopha.

Ukushwankathela, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso obhedu kumazwe ngamazwe kubangelwa zizinto ezibanzi ezifana nokungabikho kwezixhobo ze-copper ore ezikumgangatho ophezulu, imingeni ekwandeni kwemveliso, kunye nemfuno ekhulayo yamandla amatsha, amandla ombane, izixhobo zasekhaya kunye namanye amashishini. Njengoko iinkampani ezifana neShenzhen Boying Energy Co., Ltd. zinika ingqalelo esondeleyo kwezi ntuthuko, impembelelo yokunyuka kwamaxabiso obhedu kwi intambo kunye nentambo yokubophaishishini lihlala ligxile ekucwangciseni nasekuthatheni izigqibo.